how did gurrumul go blind

Where Djarimirri is different, though, is in its minimalism; Hohnen cites the likes of Michael Nyman, Steve Reich, Arvo Prt and Philip Glass as influences. Light appears to catch on his protruding bottom lip. With a voice that captured the heart of millions across the world, Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu was an enigmatic talent. This website comprises and contains copyrighted materials and works. He found purpose and meaning through songs inspired by his community and country in North East Arnhem Land. The multiple ARIA-Award-winner, whose full name news.com.au has withheld for cultural reasons, died in Royal Darwin Hospital about 5pm on Tuesday. We respectfully advise that this site includes works by, images of, names of, voices of and references to deceased people. In a culture where the names and images of those that have passed over are retired, a generous allowance from Gurrumul's family has made thisstrict protocol permissible, where themusician's important role in lifecontinuesbeyond, as a bridge between two cultures. Copyright in all materials and/or works comprising or contained within this website remains with the National Portrait Gallery and other copyright owners as specified. Although, spending a lot of time with his family, they said to us, even at his funeral, that no one's stopped listening to his music. Blind from birth, the proud Yolngu man spoke through his music. In July last year, filmmaker Paul Williams, sound engineer Pip Atherstone-Reid and Michael Hohnen, creative director of Darwin record label Skinnyfish Music, were in an editing room at Windmill studios in Collingwood, Melbourne. This portrait of Gumatj man and musician Gurrumul is a large monotone painting. A new documentary and posthumous album dispel the myths surrounding a beloved Australian Indigenous artist. But the basic incompatibility of this shy, private man with the hype and spotlight of the music industry were . source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Gurrumul_Yunupingu. He sang . There is no cure for kidney failure. We have an encyclopedia of stories ready to tell people, if they want to listen. The exact details of Gurrumuls death are not clear, but according to press reports he had indicated that he did not want to continue with his difficult and debilitating dialysis treatment. "He wasn't writing a lot of new, contemporary style songs but he probably knew 400 or 500 songs, traditionally.". Its a heartbreaking moment in the film. [8], In 2013, Yunupingu joined Delta Goodrem for a special performance of "Bayini" on The Voice Australia. Gurrumul is the personification of a cross-over artist, likewise, the filmmust cross back and forth between his Yolngu and the broader whitefella worlds." We just tried to make that record, which had that mood, to try to seep into peoples consciences and hearts and minds without actually having the listener have any responsibility to listen and work out what someones saying.. GURRUMUL, a documentary. "Dialysis was not something that he enjoyed," Hohnen says. The Most Beautiful Song Ever Written (Australian Aboriginal) This song is called Wiyathul and its by a blind aboriginal man called Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu. "Gurrumul was such a unique and happy person, someone who, no matter how recalcitrant, always made you feel that fun and music and traditional culture were here to be lived and loved.". Toooften Aboriginal Australians feel their culture is hijacked by another agenda, a balanda (whitefella)agenda, and distorted beyond recognition. By subscribing, you agree to SBSs terms of service and privacy policy including receiving email updates from SBS. He had no use for picks, instead he simply kept his fingernails long. Born blind, his powerfully emotive yet fragile voice has affected the public unlike any other Australian artist. His third release, The Gospel Album (2015), cemented what those close to him had known for years that this unassuming Indigenous Australian, who was born blind and taught himself to play a guitar held upside down, wasn't an angelic-voiced flash in the pan. The album and the documentary are both a bittersweet final offering from a truly gifted and special artist, whose legacy will live on and continue to touch the lives and imagination of generations to come. As Gurrumul lives an exciting life as a successful musician, performing for people like Barack Obama and even Queen Elizabeth II, he also experiencesintense homesickness and the need to continue to learn and immerse himself in his family and traditional life. For further information please contact NPG Copyright. Gurrumuls second studio album, Rrakala (2011). For once, the Balanda world is struggling with its incorporation into Yolngu, rather than the other way round. being brought to life through the fusion of Gurrumul's voice and guidance in traditional song being fused with the work ofcomposer Erkki Veltheim and the Australian Chamber Orchestra and Sydney Symphony Orchestra. Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu's legacy: why his music didn't stop. Gurrumul shot to prominence in 2008 with the release of his debut album Gurrumul, which was nominated for four ARIAs and won two. We used to think Gurrumul wouldnt go far, would never show his independence, says Yunupingu. In todays world where the media and the music industries are centred around hype and fashion, Gurrumul is a unique celebrity who has stood the test of time, one who could change the way you breathe (Brisbane Courier Mail, 2008) and forever altered the way people from around the world interact with Yolngu culture. He just says its his role to tell these stories about his culture.. Although his solo career brought him wider acclaim, he was also formerly a member of Yothu Yindi and later of Saltwater Band. Blind from birth, he found purpose and meaning through songs and music inspired by his community and country on Elcho Island in far North East Arnhem Land. Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu was born blind in 1971 as a member of the Gumatj clan and a speaker of the indigenous Yolu . Guy Maestris portrait of the musician was conceived after the artist saw Gurrumul perform in Sydney on New Years Eve 2008. We see a man as he traverses two "different worlds". [8] He received tributes from the Australian prime minister, Malcolm Turnbull, fellow musician Peter Garrett, and Anna Reid, the dean of the Sydney Conservatorium of Music. The trick with Djarimirri was in replicating this on Western instruments while leaving them recognisable to Yolngu people. [8] On his death he was described as an important figure in fostering racial harmony and as a voice of Indigenous Australians. Best. LipiScan is a non-invasive procedure that helps our doctors see and analyze the health of your Meibomian glands. He learned foot stomping calling and whooping, vocalisations of traditional songs and their different sounds, and so much more. A mixture of traditional songs and new compositions, they reflect his background growing up in one of the most remote but beautiful parts of the continent. He first came to prominence as a member of Yolngu band Yothu Yindi in the late 1980s but his 2008 eponymous debut album brought global fame that grew through a series of award-winning recordings and a hectic touring schedule that continued until his 2015 tour of the United States and final studio recording that year. While Gurrumul's premature death came as a shock to many of his fans around the world, the 46-year-old had waged a protracted struggle with kidney and liver disease for many years. Born blind, the gifted musician leads a traditional lifestyle on Elcho Island in Arnhem Land and sings in his native Yolngu language, but his fame is spreading the world. sfn error: no target: CITEREFHillman2014 (, Australian Independent Record (AIR) Awards, Australasian Performing Right Association, Honorary awards: Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu, "Dr G Yunupingu: Australia's most prominent Indigenous musician dies aged 46", "Dr G. Yunupingu, Australian Aboriginal Singer, Dies at 46", "Dr G. Yunupingu: An exquisite singer who 'spoke to the soul', "Decca Australia signs Gurrumul, new releases in pipeline", "Australian indigenous singer Dr G. Yunupingu dies", "Case Study: Inspiring Stories Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu", "Aboriginal musician astonishes Australian audiences", "Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu's legacy: why his music didn't stop", "Aboriginal singer beats poverty and prejudice to top Australian charts", "Gurrumul interview: the mystical heart of Australia", Australian Independent Record Labels Association Ltd (AIR), 2012, "7 Great Performances from the History of the ARIA Awards Music Reads", "Delta to sing Gurrumul's indigenous anthem Bayini on The Voice tonight", "Courtney Barnett, Hermitude, Tame Impala Lead 2015 ARIA Award Nominations", "Gurrumul review stirring and soulful ode to Australia's most important voice", "50 Greatest Australian Artists of All Time number 33: Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu", "Uperoleia gurrumuli Catullo and Keogh, 2021 | Amphibian Species of the World", "ARIA Charts Accreditations 2011 Albums", "ARIA Charts Accreditations 2012 Albums", Australian Recording Industry Association, Australian Independent Record Labels Association, "AIR Awards:2019 AIR Awards Winners Announced! His songs covered themes of identity, spirit, connection with the land and its elements across multiple Yolngu languages as well as English. Filming behind the scenes on Elcho Island (Supplied), New documentary Gurrumul gives an insight in to the humorous and cheeky side of the acutely shy singer, Gurrumul with Skinnyfish music producer and good friend, Michael Hohnen (Supplied). If interested in music and guitars, then you are in the right place and will learn a lot. Gurrumul is the highest-selling Indigenous musician in Australian history. [32] "Bayini" became the first track by an indigenous musician to reach the top five of the Australian charts. A multi-instrumentalist, he played drums, keyboards, guitar (a right-hand-strung guitar played left-handed) and didgeridoo, but it was the clarity of his singing voice that attracted rave reviews. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. He has had solo exhibitions at the Tim Olsen Gallery and was a finalist in the 2007 and 2008 Dobell Drawing Prize. Maestri worked on the painting for a month, listening to Gurrumul's music as he built up the image layer upon layer. When Gurrumul arrives home after long periods away from touring and recording, we see a great deal of affection upon his return. As his spokesman and double-bass accompanist Michael Hohnen explained to journalists in 2013, Gurrumul hates the media. "I believe he chose to not go on dialysis, to not stay on it. Aged only 46, hed succumbed to organ failure relating to the hepatitis B hed contracted in childhood. ominis gaunt why is he blind. In 2009 a portrait of Gurrumul by Guy Maestri won Australias major art prize, The Archibald Prize. Many examples of Gurrumuls remarkable work are available on YouTube. Gurrumuls death at such an early age is another tragic confirmation of the huge social gapin health as well as employment, education, housing and other basic indicesbetween indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. 2018. Completed early in 2017, the album was slated for release in the middle of last year. Gurrumuls songs speak of identity, spirit, connection with the land, the elements and the ancestral beings to whom he is related. 1 in the mainstream iTunes charts.Gurrumul peaked at #4 on the ARIA Charts. The painting itself is one hundred ninety-eight centimetres by hundred and sixty seven centimetres. Djarimirri is essentially an exercise in ethnomusicology the keeping alive of this ancient music, albeit in a more modern fashion, so that those yet to come are able to access it, no matter their cultural background. "It was like he was becoming a shadow of his former self," Hohnen recalls. [38], In November 2020, Decca Records announced they had signed to the rights to Yunupingu's catalogue and future recordings, announcing forthcoming releases, including limited-edition vinyls, a box set and collaborations among a slate of projects. Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu (1970-2017), a Gumatj man from north-east Arnhem Land, was born blind but learned to play guitar, keyboard, drums and didgeridoo as a child. Gurrumul was no stranger to orchestral work, having released a live album in 2013 with the Sydney Symphony. It is like a celebration.'. ", The Gospel Album (2015).Credit:Courtesy of ABC. The recording is as much a representation of all Yolngu. Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu Born Blind Aboriginal Singer, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Gurrumul_Yunupingu, http://www.thearchibaldprize.com.au/winners/archibald, http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2008/jul/17/australia.culture. Gurrumul has performed for Her Majesty the Queen of England, US President Barack Obama, Prince Charles, Prince William and Kate Middleton, and Crown Prince Frederik and Princess Mary of Denmark. Briggs, who became friends with Gurrumul after their 2014 collaboration, agrees. The album, Djarimirri (Child of the Rainbow), is released on 13 April through Skinnyfish, Gurrumul review stirring and soulful ode to Australia's most important voice, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. His first album as an acoustic artist, Gurrumul, was released in Australia in 2008 and went double platinum. "Gurrumul toured the world before he was Gurrumul," notes hip-hop artist Adam Briggs, with whom Gurrumul collaborated in 2014 on the song The Hunt. "[13] He later sang hymns in the mission choir and also enjoyed Western pop music, particularly Dire Straits, Cliff Richard, and Stevie Wonder. Deeply embedded in the documentary project, he brought the camera crew along to his fathers funeral. [8] He was the most commercially successful Aboriginal Australian musician at the time of his death. Grose publicly protested the hospital delays. We underestimated him.. The Australian Music Prize (AMP) is an annual award of $30,000 given to an Australian band or solo artist in recognition of the merit of an album released during the year of award. Sorry, this video has expired The Most Beautiful Song Ever Written (Australian Aboriginal), This song is called Wiyathul and its by a blind aboriginal man called Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu. Jasmine YunupinguGeoffrey Gurrumul . It was a professional partnership which helped to bring Gurrumul's unique interpretation of the 'manikay' (the songlines of his people) to life. He arranged a hasty sitting with the musician at Sydney airport soon after, taking several sketches and a photograph. Aborigines in Australia remain a disadvantaged minority with high levels of ill-health, unemployment and poverty. Royalties from Djarimirri will flow, in part, into the Gurrumul Yunupingu Foundation, which has a vision statement that speaks of creating "greater opportunities for remote Indigenous young people to realise their full potential and contribute to culturally vibrant and sustainable communities". were a close unit, In 2008, Gurrumul first gained international attention when his self-titled first solo album debuted at #1 on the independent music charts and peaked at #3 on the ARIA charts. He followed this with two other successful studio albumsRrakala (2011) and The Gospel Album (2015)and two concert recordingsLive in Darwin, Australia (2010) and Gurrumul: His Life and Music with the Sydney Symphony Orchestra (2013). That killed me, near the end of the film, when his uncle says that he exceeded all our expectations.. Even though he couldn't see the nature, he was born to feel the nature." He performed with Yothu Yindi from 1985 to 1992, when he formed the Saltwater Band. He was born blind, has never learned Braille and does not have a guide dog or use a white cane. Gurrumul was born and raised in Galiwinku, a small community of about 2,200 people on remote Elcho Island, which is about 560 kilometres, or a two-hour flight, northeast of Darwin, the Northern Territory capital. Directed by Paul Williams, Gurrumuls uncle, Djunga Djunga Yunupingu, and aunt, Gurruwiwi are the only narrators of the film, but it also features his parents and friends. If music and guitar has never been part of your interests then this site may change your view and be a music lover. The film features two funerals one for each of Gurrumuls parents and perhaps as a final mark of respect, it doesnt go for a third. Gurrumul was Skinnyfish Music's most successful artist and his success enabled the label to expand and focus on other acts like Lonely Boys, Manuel Dhurrkay and Mambali. Gurrumul (1971 - 2017) was born blind and grew up, as a member of the Gumatj clan and a speaker of the indigenous Yolngu language, on Elcho Island (Galiwin'ku), off the coast of tropical North . Gurrumul's songs, like his own life, encompass a span of human experience as great as any on. Most of his songs are sung in Galpu, Gumatj or Djambarrpuyngu, which are all languages of the Yolngu people of northeastern Arnhem Land. With a voice that captured the heart of millions across the world, Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu was an enigmatic talent. [55], The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. His condition had worsened in recent years, to the extent that Skinnyfish had retired the singer from touring in late 2015. [14] He left school at the age of 12, having attended his local school, Shepherdson College, along with a brief stint at an institute in the Victorian city of Geelong for instruction in Braille, which did not interest him. Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu (22 January 1971 25 July 2017), commonly known as Gurrumul and also referred to since his death as Dr G. Yunupingu,[note 1][5][6][7] was an Aboriginal Australian musician[8] of the Yolu peoples. He cant be found and the tour collapses. Skinnyfish lost a lot of money on that tour, but their relationship with the artist held and four years later, they were recording again. The music kind of suits that being on the edge of two worlds and the feeling of how its not completely comfortable, says Hohnen. Born blind, his powerfully emotive yet fragile voice has affected the public unlike any other Australian artist. When Gurrumul died, the record label pressed pause, in part because in Yolngu culture, when a person dies, their name, image and any music or art is retired for some time. "He was extremely ill.", Williams, who had known the singer for years before beginning work on the documentary, seems a little haunted, as if Gurrumul knew his time had come. By the time Skinnyfish came to release the eponymous Gurrumul in 2008, a year before Saltwater's final album, the man and his music were match fit. Blind from birth, the proud Yolngu man spoke through his music. Herein, how did gurrumul go blind? The portrait won the Archibald Prize for 2009. Light spills to the left side of his face, tumbling down his forehead, eyebrow, cheek and lips. He sings stories of his land in both languages (Glpu, Gumatj or Djambarrpuynu, all Yolu Matha) and English. With his extraordinary voice and hauntingly beautiful album, Gurrumul, Indigenous singer Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu has become something of a cultural phenomenon over the last year. Gurrumul: a man with a strong sense of humour, deep ties to his homelands and little taste for the limelight. He performed "Sing" live at the Diamond Jubilee Concert on 4 June 2012 together with many of the song's contributing artists. That was the key. Audio description written by Meredith Hughes and voiced by Rory Walker, Guido Maestri Yunupingu, who has never learned Braille and does not have a guide dog or use a stick, has told interviewers he has little use for money. It wasn't just Jones Sting, Elton John and Australian musicians Peter Garrett and Paul Kelly all count themselves among the singer's admirers. Celebrated by audiences at home and abroad, Indigenous artist Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu was one of the most important and acclaimed voices to ever come out of Australia. These Yolngu songs, some thought to be more than 4000 years old, were traditionally backed by the yidaki wind instrument in repetitive rhythms, giving the lyrics a foundation on which to build. Yunupingu was born on Galiwin'ku, Elcho Island, in the massive Arnhem Land, one of the five regions that make up Australia's Northern Territory. The CD simply titled Gurrumul quickly achieved triple platinum sales status in Australia and sold half a million copies worldwide. The important thing was that, in every step of the process, we've made sure that we haven't done anything that doesn't communicate those songs.". Ted Gondarra, Elcho Island resident stated that the final wish for the film, which was given approval by Gurrumul only a few days before he passed away, was that it would be a source of continued pride for the community. The extraordinary song was inspired by the cries of native bush fowls. Which is better guitar tricks or JamPlay. The final product is polished and seems effortless but the film reveals otherwise. I worked on it for over a month, mostly while listening to his music. Five years in the making, it traces the life of Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu, the Yolngu singer from Elcho Island, off the coast of Arnhem Land, who had taken Australian music by storm. Gurrumul would go on to perform for Barack Obama and Queen Elizabeth II, among others. Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu - History (I Was Born Blind) - YouTube 0:00 / 3:47 Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu - History (I Was Born Blind) DramaticoMusic 67.2K subscribers 309K views 13. "It was a strange way to sign off a conversation," he says. He would just love hearing all of the voices in there and all the memories from his days in different bands, and what people were saying about him, says Michael Hohnen, cofounder of the Skinnyfish music label and Gurrumuls longtime friend and musical partner. He played a number of instruments and contributed backing vocals to four of the band's six albums, most notably its breakthrough 1991 release, Tribal Voice. The use of images of works of art reproduced on this website and all other content may be restricted under the Australian Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). Please try again later. He was left handed, taught himself guitar with a right handed guitar that was given to him by read more To see without seeing? [8], In 2015, Yunupingu toured the US. Guido Maestri saw Gurrumul perform in Sydney on New Year's Eve 2008 and found it unforgettable. Hohnen, a classically trained bass player and co-founder of Skinnyfish Music, was among the first to recognise the unique qualities of Gurrumuls voice. [26] In 2009 a portrait of Yunupingu by Guy Maestri won Australia's major art prize, the Archibald Prize. 46years (19712017)Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu / Age at death. On his left upper forehead, a circular shape of white untouched canvas indicates the light source. "There's anger, abuse, there's hurt, there are quite sinister ways, destructive ways. [7] He had lived with liver and kidney damage for many years due to hepatitis B which he had contracted in childhood. He left the group in 1995 to live full-time on Elcho Island and later co-founded and co-led the Saltwater Band, which was active from 1999 to 2009. Hohnen was on the phone with Gurrumul, his longtime friend and musical partner, and the biggest star at Skinnyfish, which he co-owns. It debuted at number 3 on the ARIA Charts. His condition had worsened in recent years, to the extent that Skinnyfish had retired the singer from touring in late 2015. His first album as an acoustic artist, Gurrumul, was released in Australia in 2008 and went double platinum. He found purpose and meaning through songs inspired by his community and country in North East Arnhem Land. Just ask. He also forged a successful solo career. We pay our respect to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures and to Elders both past and present. Elton John, Sting and Bjrk were among his fans. At the same time it dispels the myth that surrounded him, something his friend and musical collaborator Briggs once frustratedly described as this idea that hes some kind of mystical person that lives in the outer Dreamtime somewhere and appears every six months to do a show in Sydney. Thank you for registering! Interviews and feature reports from NITV. . It is made with oil on linen, surrounded by a simple two-centimetre-wide black frame. Following the Aboriginal tradition of sharing wealth, he said any money he makes goes to his mother and aunts still living on Elcho Island, some 350 miles from Darwin. Nea definition National Education Association. This was the final okay from Gurrumul, who as a co-producer had been involved in most aspects of the film. A press release from Skinnyfish Music, Gurrumuls record label, described the 46-year-old as one of the most important figures in Australian music history. Numerous tributes have been made by musicians and others across the country and internationally. His family, while supportive of his success in the lead-up to the US tour, had flagged their apprehension about his expansion into the Balanda or white persons world; they were happy for him to be the bridge between two cultures, but worry that he could not maintain his cultural ties. Simply so, what causes gurrumul blindness? We Yolngu live by our own unique balance of life,culture and land and we care for our country and our people.. 1. The oldest of four, he was born blind and never learned to read Braille. The intervention tore up the democratic rights of Aborigines in the territory, quarantined social welfare and pensions, seized indigenous land and imposed repressive controls on indigenous communities. Meibomianitis is inflammation of the meibomian glands, a group of oil-releasing (sebaceous) glands in the eyelids. Gurrumul was not an enigma, the film reveals, but rather a man with a strong sense of humour, deep ties to his homelands, and little taste for the limelight as he travelled around Europe, the US and Australia. Djarimirri is essentially, an album that sets ancient Yolngu chants against an orchestral background to make them more palatable to the Western ear. [8], In April 2018, Yunupingu's fourth studio album, Djarimirri (Child of the Rainbow), was released. "[29], In 2012, Yunupingu was one of the contributing vocalists on Gary Barlow's commemorative single "Sing" for Queen Elizabeth II's diamond jubilee celebrations, which features artists from across the Commonwealth. To Briggss mind, Gurrumuls popularity was testament to his hard work, his musicality and his talent. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Aboriginal singer beats poverty and prejudice to top Australian charts. With a voice that captured the heart of millions across the world, Geoffrey Gurrumul Yunupingu was an enigmatic talent. Blind from birth, the proud Yolngu man spoke through his music. [63] Note: 2020 and 2021 were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It's not lost on anyone involved with the making of the record how sad it is that its main player won't be here to enjoy its launch. working together [17] Gurrumul peaked at No. "" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. Aborigines, for example, are 10 times more likely to contract kidney disease than Australias non-indigenous population, while in remote communities the figure is between 30 and 50 times the national average. Donated through the Australian Government's Cultural Gifts Program. The award commenced in 2005. Away from cameras and the stage, we are alsogiven a glimpse of the sense of humour and cheekiness that Gurrumul maintained throughout his life and career. We try and work in a mainstream music industry but within their [Indigenous] system of how we relate to everyone, Hohnen tells Guardian Australia. Works of art from the collection are reproduced as per the, Let me know when this portraits on display. [30][8] In 2012, Yunupingu was conferred with an Honorary Doctorate of Music by the University of Sydney. Yesterday, a posthumous album was added to his canon. "It was really only in retrospect, when we looked back, that we said, 'Maybe that was goodbye.' The best of these include Bapa, which is dedicated to his father, Wukun, about storm clouds rising over Elcho Island, and History (I Was Born Blind), one of his few English-language songs. His songs covered themes of identity, spirit, connection with the land and its elements across multiple Yolngu languages as well as English. Avoiding the use of a deceased person's first name is part of grieving practice amongst many Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. Born blind, the reluctant star never gave any interviews and was painfully shy, but his music drew worldwide acclaim, despite the fact that he performed in his Gumatj dialect which is understood by only around 3,000 people.

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