A Mononucleosis AIDS Section: 07.03, In ______ immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens while in ______ immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. destroying their nucleic acids. is part of the inflammatory response. eqR)BZZt[A Microorganisms that do not cause disease. 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. A world-class bicycle rider can generate one-half horsepower for long periods. A . Noise b. The bacterium is probably which of the following? Simgle-celled microscopic animals that realease enzymes or toxing that destroy cells are called what? IgE, IgM *Cytokines regulate white blood cell formation so they are being investigated as a possible treatment for AIDS. Determine the free-vibration response of the triple pendulum shown in given figure for li=l(i=1,2,3)l_i=l(i=1,2,3)li=l(i=1,2,3) and mi=m(i=1,2,3)m_i=m(i=1,2,3)mi=m(i=1,2,3) for the initial conditions 1(0)=2(0)=0\theta_1(0)=\theta_2(0)=01(0)=2(0)=0, 3(0)=30,i(0)=0(i=1,2,3)\theta_3(0)=\theta_{30}, \dot{\theta}_i(0)=0(i=1,2,3)3(0)=30,i(0)=0(i=1,2,3). False 3. It is important to understand and follow your employer's policies regarding bloodborne pathogens. ##Qmv&,! they are lost as we age. Some helminths are so large that the immune system is ineffective against them. Section: 07.03, In antibody-mediated immunity where does the antigen first bind? - B cells - antibodies - T-Cells - inflammation 2 See answers Advertisement Section: 07.04 A biological or physical vehicle that carries an agent to a host describes a what? Since fungal infections are of a certain type of microorganism, areas o fhte that can be infected include all but which of the following? Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following molecules: 4. B. 2 0 obj Some have glycans on their surface which the immune system fails to recognize. If all the words in a sentence are correct, write C after the sentence. They are both forms of passive immunity. IgA, IgM Candida can invade tissue by producing the exoenzymes __________ and __________. During which stage of the infection process is an individual highly contagious? IgA Infect healthy rats with this mutant strain and look for decreased signs of disease. a form of immune deficiency, anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body mycoses. T cells can recognize antigens because they PDF Name: Class: Date: ID: A - Occupational Safety and Health Administration Describe how molecular Kochs postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. The risk of HIV/AIDS transmission from a needle stick is approximately _____ percent. c. employers must have written airborne pathogen exposure control plans I'm workspace. Ability to damage the host The characteristics of a pathogen that determine its virulence include which of the following? B Chicken Pox % D Strep throat and pneumonia, __________ are single celled organisms. What does this mean for the movement of this chemical through the environment? Test Prep. *(e) gel permeation. what is the importance of corals? *IgM antibodies are the first produced by a plasma cell. Solved 33 Which of the following protozoan supergroup - | Chegg.com Salmonella is the name of a group of bacteria that causes the infection salmonellosis. D. It is produced by immune cells to target pathogens. OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 4: The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Signs of a disease are objective and are measured. They activate the complement system which punches holes in the invading pathogen. A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. Tuberculosis, rheumatic fever Pathogen A has an ID50 of 50 particles, pathogen B has an ID50 of 1,000 particles, and pathogen C has an ID50of 1 106 particles. This page titled 15.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises) is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. It acts as an opsonin i.e. This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. possess specific receptors. antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; B cell activated; plasma cells form Include a diagram in your explanation. Automatically remove your image background. 4 0 obj passive, neutral False, True Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Introduction to Sports Medicine and Athletic Training, April Lynch, Jerome Kotecki, Karen Vail-Smith, Laura Bonazzoli, Janet L. Hopson, Rebecca J. Donatelle, Tanya R. Littrell. Employees who have an occupational exposure risk to blood or OPIM are to be offered the hepatitis B vaccination at no cost. *(c) ion. For each of the following pairs of isotopes, indicate which one you think would be radioactive: Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. What do "having the measles" and being vaccinated against the measles have in common? D antibodies. Immune System | Human Anatomy Quiz - Quizizz It does not grow in the absence of oxygen. Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? 7zP$>O Zcm62b* . A) alveolar macrophage - lungs B) microglial cells - brain A __________ cannot live without its host for very long. Identify the similarities and differences between a lake and a stream. The tiniest and toughest pathogens are what? The body's immune system will react the same was as it did during the first exposure. 28. B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; plasma cells form Pathogen A has an ID50 of 50 particles, pathogen B has an ID50 of 1,000 particles, and pathogen C has an ID50 of 1 106 particles. tonsils and thymus Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. passive, active Which of the following are considered Universal Precautions? C. degrade nucleic acid to promote spread of pathogen *The complement proteins "complement" certain other immune responses. interferon The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. swelling Noise Term C Athlete's foot and ringworm Who is not at high risk for contracting MRSA? *Anything that the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body is called an antigen. Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. a generalized and nonspecific set of defenses against a class or group of pathogens. involves chemical barriers to entry. Certain complement proteins kill foreign microbes by Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. False, False Which of the following statements about the treatment of viruses is not true? OSHA is responsible for the general safety and well-being of employees in almost all workplace environments and is a part of the United States Department of Labor, "In regards to bloodborne pathogen awareness and exposure prevention, you are held to the level of accountability as any other person working in the healthcare setting.". Protozoa adhere to target cells through complex mechanisms and can cause cellular damage through release of cytopathic substances. Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? a. Feces and urine c. Amniotic fluid b. Fluid surrounding heart and lungs d. True or false: True 4. 11. Explain\text{\red{Explain}}Explain Why are hypotheses so important to controlled experiments? Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. Safety glasses are not necessary when working with BBP? Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? (a) Would the toxin be able to enter into the intestinal epithelial cell? It is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. C. collagenase all of the following are common viginal infections except? True or false: passive All of the following diseases are primarily spread by animals or insects except? The EPS protects the bacteria from the host's immune response. Pathogens & Disease | Biology Quiz - Quizizz Some fungi produce toxins and exoenzymes involved in disease production and capsules that provide protection of phagocytosis. A difference between an acute disease and chronic disease is that chronic diseases have an extended period of __________. (b) Period of illness = pathogen is multiplying and reaches it maximum True Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. Chapter 1 Flashcards *True, cytokines are produced by T lymphocytes, macrophages, and other cells. Science; Biology; Biology questions and answers; Which of the following is the best storage solution for transporting a sputum sample containing a potential pathogen? Section: 07.05, All autoimmune diseases are caused strictly by environmental factors such as viral infections. A Strep throat Section: 07.03, The acquired defense system only recognizes and destroys cells with antigens that come from outside the body. True b. Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. Section: 07.04, Cytokines assist in regulating white blood cell formation. (a) How are these toxins similar? In an employer's exposure control plan, s/he is required to include a category called 'exposure determination'. a vaccination. Section: 07.02. Blood is the only bodily fluid that can carry pathogens. C. It is an example of an adhesin. The body can only be exposed to a pathogen a second time if you do not have a vaccine. 24. antibodies. Section: 07.02, What cell types are involved in the inflammatory response? endobj rheumatic fever Proper and regular hand washing is the key to the prevention of the spread of nosocomial infections, "According to the 2011 Tork Report, you come in contact with 300 surfaces every 30 minutes exposing you to ___________ germs! *Monocytes become macrophages once they enter the tissues. A. Candida The virus infected the gorillas and chimpanzees, but only the chimpanzees got sick since the virus is not a pathogen to gorillas. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. D Polio, Which pathogen cannot be cured with antibiotics? *The purpose of a vaccination is to prevent an infection by causing active immunity. Brian goes to the hospital after not feeling well for a week. This risk is about _____ percent!". a type of white blood cell Make sure that all rats in the study are healthy. )IAjBhX3d_FXLM5[7w ;crmYzw=4+7+ts37m?FW`4Tm*;`BGAQx ."VE1 Period of decline = pathogen particles start to decline - slightly less than maximum they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. AIDS You also discover that it targets liver cells. 25. True causing them to burst. A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? Hypersensitivity to a substance in one's diet or environment is called what? Who is covered by the bloodborne pathogen standard? We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. List the types of substances to which each of the following chromatographic methods is most applicable: a. pathogens b. nonpathogens c. opportunistic pathogens d. indigenous microflora e. saprophytes: Term. IgA If the acupuncture needles are not sterile, pathogens could enter skin tissue or blood vessels, potentially initiating an infection. Ch. 17 Multiple Choice - Microbiology | OpenStax AIDS and tuberculosis are not autoimmune disorders. neutral, passive Myasthenia gravis hepatitis Which pathogen is most virulent? D Viruses, Which childhood disease causes infantile paralysis? If racing at sea level, find the velocity this cyclist can maintain. C. Plasmodium Legal. Section: 07.04. Answer- Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms . Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronically inflamed joints. sebaceous secretions Section: 07.02, Which of the following is not considered a barrier to entry of a pathogen? Bloodborne Pathogens Test Flashcards This allowed Streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. Show explicitly that the difference between adjacent energy levels in an infinite square well becomes arbitrarily small compared with the energy of the upper level, in the limit of large quantum number nnn. false Strep throat is caused by a? I will be given an exposure plan by my clinical instructor/coordinator detailing what steps I should take if I am exposed to a potentially infectious source while at my clinical site. perforin, perforin MHC people who were recently vaccinated for the flu. Symptoms: nausea and migraine. Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. (c) What initiates the period of decline? Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. D Yeast infections, What pathogen causes diseases that are often spread through contaminated water? Question: 6, Exposures to bloodborne pathogens can occur from which of the following? The EPS can act as an absorbent, reducing the amount of antibiotic that can attack the bacterial cells. C Yeast infection Microbe c. Protozoa b. Bacteria d. Fungii ____ 2. 2. <> PCR *"Innate" in this context means that these defenses act indiscriminately against all pathogens. 20. They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. Patients who are at risk due to surgical incisions, weakened immune systems due to pre-existing conditions or medical treatments could use those sinks, transfer the pathogen to their bodies and develop an infection or disease. endobj C. marinates the cut-up pieces of raw chicken in the . 1. Diseases can either be noninfectious (due to genetics and environment) or infectious (due to pathogens). Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. *Inflammation and the release of histamine is part of the body's innate defenses. Solved Saved Help Which of the following statements is | Chegg.com The thymus cleanses the blood from the cardiovascular system of cellular debris and bacteria. Section: 07.04, What are the first antibodies produced by a plasma cell? Fungi initiate infections through the interaction of adhesins with receptors on host cells. malaria, AIDS 5. This category is best described by which of the following? Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? Calculate the natural swinging period of the system. Which of the following are considered Personal Protective Equipment or PPE? Or is it also valid to say that the Sun goes around the Earth? *The acquired defense system will also recognize cancer cells with abnormal membrane proteins and destroy them. endobj D Protozoa, Which two diseases can be life threatening? Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. Can you place a MediaView in multiple Panes? plasma cells form; B cell divides; B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR, antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form Solved Which of the following helps to enhance the engulfing | Chegg.com B. Cryptococcus IgD antibodies signify the readiness of the B cells. difficulty breathing, difficulty breathing C infection. ", Organisms or the toxins they produce that can cause disease in people or animals are known as, "Any item that has the potential to pierce, cut, or puncture the skin should be disposed of in a proper puncture proof container immediately after being used.". B. keeps the pie chilled before serving it. who should not get vaccinated for meningitis? C. must list all department personnel by name, A Level UK Politics: Topic 4 - Voting Behavio, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Medical Terminology: Learning Through Practice. (b) How do they differ? Section: 07.03, What two sites are involved in the production and maturation of T lymphocytes? myasthenia gravis, hay fever *The inflammatory response occurs after the pathogen has entered the body. Can you place a Media in multiple MediaPlayers? What is one disease most children are vaccinated against? (c) The number of pathogen particles began to decline/die off. The page below is a sample from the LabCE course OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens. Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin? Treating all human materials as if to be infected with bloodborne pathogens is called. Section: 07.02, Monocytes become what type of cell in the tissue? 1. In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. 83209Bi{ }_{83}^{209} \mathrm{Bi}83209Bi or 96242Cm{ }_{96}^{242} \mathrm{Cm}96242Cm. A) the sticking of monocytes to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection. *In active immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens and in passive immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. Section: 07.03, Shaun was in need of a kidney transplant. heat As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart). What does this evidence tell you about this chemical? Consider an airplane flying at a pressure altitude of 33,500 ft and a density altitude of 32,000 ft. a. the vehicle that carries the pathogen b. a person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen c. a person who has a party for friends and family d. the intermediate resevoir where the pathogen lives A person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen Laws against___ have been challenged in court on the grounds that they violate one's constitutional rights. Which of the lymphatic organs is also part of the skeletal system? eosinophils hay fever D. fimbriae, 14. Likewise, hand washing does not eliminate the need for the use of gloves. plasma cell ____ 1. They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. causing them to burst. What is the most common way a nosocomial infection is acquired? A Mononucleosis (a) Would the toxin be able to enter into the intestinal epithelial cell? Pathogens are microorganisms that cure disease. Infectious diseases can be spread by any of the following ways except: The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: The virus that causes __________ also causes itchy, red bumps. 29. basophils Section: 07.02. HealthStream: Blood borne Pathogens Flashcards | Quizlet Section: 07.03, Cytotoxic T cells contain what type of molecules that punch holes in the plasma membranes of potential pathogens? Undifferentiated B-cells remain as memory cells. This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. to avoid eating a high concentration of mercury, which food should you select, soybeans watered with water from the river, which of the following approaches could help reduce the risk of malaria in a city without introducing new risks to human populations, search for and remove items that could hold accumulated water. Which virus may be a contrututing factor in the development of cervical cancer? Which pathogen is non-living? Saved Help Which of the following statements is correct about the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans? She suspects that the bacterium's fimbriae are a virulence factor. produces T and B cells. steroid You also discover that it targets liver cells. Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? Calculate the outside air temperature. stream How much to the bowl? Section: 07.05, Human Anatomy Physiology Laboratory Manual Main Version, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin. PDF Name: Class: Date: ID: A - Occupational Safety and Health Administration what is the function of human lymphatic system? Universal precautions c. Standard response a. Bacillus anthracis mononucleosis is most common amoung the elderly. TCR, BCR <> rheumatoid arthritis Viruses are treated with antibiotics. Under these conditions, which antibody levels would be higher than normal? in a household with smokers, which of the following health outcomes is most likely to occur, if a family was exposed to arsenic over a long period of time, which of the following health outcomes would be most likely, nervous system disorders and problems in brain development leading to low IQ. 34. Which of the following are most likely to be. Inactivate the gene so that fimbriae are no longer produced. It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. 2. C Viruses 3 0 obj These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). IgD 35. Section: 07.03, Which of the following is in the correct order in the formation of antibodies? a. An infection is an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply, and cause disease. Which of the following is the correct definition of the term Nosocomial Infection? a. an aerotolerant anaerobe b. an obligate aerobe c. an obligate anaerobe d. a facultative anaerobe View Text Answer Jump To Question Explain. The new gorilla brought a virus that infects gorillas without causing disease, but is virulent to chimpanzees. Primary pathogens are capable of causing pathological changes associated with disease in a healthy individual. Add back the fimbriae gene (on a plasmid) into the mutant to construct a complemented strain. Which of the following viruses lives permanently in the cells and flares up periodically? Section: 07.05, Which autoimmune disease is associated with an inflammatory response that can damage the heart muscle and valves? PTd?M5I$w7AKvnC=_$QisBH " Rjob/V? True The adaptive immune response includes: humoral immune response, cell-mediated immune response Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. inflammatory response, inflammatory response The word pathogen can be defined as: a. all microrganisms b. all disease-causing microorganisms c. all insects d. all microscopic particles Definition b. all disease-causing microorganisms Term Which of the following is NOT an example of biohazard? eosinophils and basophils B. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. 35 Questions Show answers Question 1 10 seconds Q. Describe the motion of air particles inside an inflated balloon. Virulence, the degree to which a pathogen can cause disease, can be quantified by calculating either the ID50 or LD50 of a pathogen on a given population. Infect healthy rats with the pathogen (i.e., the wild-type strain) and observe signs of disease (phenotype).Identify the gene that is responsible for the production of the fimbriae. Pathogens Flashcards | Quizlet Apply. The Shiga and diphtheria toxins target __________ in host cells. ", "The use of gloves does not eliminate the need for proper and regular hand washing. Section: 07.01. True B Measles 3. One of the most important steps I can take to prevent exposure to bloodborn pathogens is to be mindful of my surroundings at all times in the clinical setting. Blood splash to the nose Needle stick Through the air Blood exposure to skin that is chapped or abraded 7, Which of the following is the appropriate place to dispose of glass pieces from broken slides or ampules? (b) liquid partition. In what position would you place a client in suspected hypovolemic shock? Nosocomial diseases are acquired from hospital settings. A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. which of the following would not be considered a pathogen? normal flora (bacteria mostly), neutrophils and macrophages